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United States Solar Farms

US capacity mix

Share of utility-scale installed capacity, by source

Natural Gas: 573,771 MW (43.39%)Coal: 182,397 MW (13.79%)Wind: 165,551 MW (12.52%)Solar: 165,357 MW (12.50%)Hydroelectric: 101,577 MW (7.68%)Nuclear: 96,852 MW (7.32%)Petroleum: 21,419 MW (1.62%)Biomass: 12,092 MW (0.92%)Geothermal: 3,469 MW (0.26%)1322GW TOTAL
  • Natural Gas43.39%
  • Coal13.79%
  • Wind12.52%
  • Solar12.50%
  • Hydroelectric7.68%
  • Nuclear7.32%
  • Petroleum1.62%
  • Biomass0.92%
  • Geothermal0.26%
  • Total100.00%

This interactive map and sortable table show every large-scale utility solar farm in the United States, all 8,770 solar farms of 1 MW or larger in the U.S. Energy Information Administration’s EIA-860 (2025 early release), color-coded by type: photovoltaic (8,762) and concentrating solar / CSP (8). Rooftop and residential solar are not included; those behind-the-meter systems aren’t power plants in EIA-860. Solar is the fastest-growing source of new US electricity, at roughly 165 GW of active and standby capacity here. Farms are shown across all statuses: active (7,466), standby (14), in development (1,038) and decommissioned (252), and with over a thousand farms in development, solar dominates the US project pipeline. Together, the 7,466 active solar farms mapped here have a combined capacity of about 165,400 MW (~165 GW). Source: U.S. EIA Form EIA-860 (2025 early release), Schedules 2 (Plant) and 3 (Generator), with every plant’s status and capacity then reviewed against the Preliminary Monthly Electric Generator Inventory (EIA-860M), June 2026.

Capacity is what is installed; generation is what actually ran. Solar holds 12.50% of US utility-scale generating capacity and produced 6.67% of the electricity in 2025, an implied capacity factor of 20.4% on a nameplate basis. Nuclear is the extreme case in one direction, at 7.32% of capacity for 17.70% of generation; solar is the extreme in the other, at 12.50% for 6.67%.

Sources, basis and how the totals reconcile

Sources. Generation is EIA Electric Power Monthly, Table 1.1, Net Generation by Energy Source: Total (All Sectors), annual 2025 row. EIA marks 2025 and 2026 values as preliminary; 2024 and earlier are final, so these shares may be revised. Capacity is this site’s own datasets from EIA-860 (2025 early release), reconciled against EIA-860M (June 2026).

Basis. Both charts cover utility-scale plants of 1 MW or larger, generating sources only. Battery storage is excluded from the capacity chart because it shifts power rather than producing it, and estimated small-scale rooftop solar (93,148 GWh in 2025) is excluded from the generation chart so the two stay comparable.

Totals. The generation slices sum to 4,434,820 GWh. EIA’s published net total is 4,429,502 GWh, being that figure less 5,320 GWh of net pumped-storage hydro, which EIA reports as a negative because pumping consumes more electricity than generation returns, and a further 2 GWh that EIA attributes to independent rounding. Pumped storage is left out of the pie because a negative value cannot be drawn as a slice. Percentages use largest-remainder rounding at two decimal places so each chart adds to 100.00%.

Category notes. EIA reports wind, biomass and geothermal as one 526,246 GWh category; the split here carries a one-unit adjustment on wind so the three reconcile to that published total. Biomass covers wood and wood waste, black liquor, landfill gas, sludge waste, agricultural byproducts and biogenic municipal solid waste. Other fossil gas is blast furnace gas, gaseous propane and other manufactured waste gases; Other is hydrogen, non-biogenic municipal solid waste, batteries, purchased steam, sulfur and tire-derived fuel. One definitional seam is worth knowing: EIA-860 files gaseous propane under petroleum products, while Table 1.1 files it under other fossil gas, so the same fuel sits in the Petroleum slice on the capacity chart and the Other fossil gas slice on the generation chart. Only one 2.3 MW plant is affected.

US generation mix, 2025

Share of utility-scale electricity generated, by source
EIA preliminary data

Natural Gas: 1,807,338 GWh (40.75%)Nuclear: 784,781 GWh (17.70%)Coal: 737,151 GWh (16.62%)Wind: 464,390 GWh (10.47%)Solar: 295,671 GWh (6.67%)Hydroelectric: 247,023 GWh (5.57%)Biomass: 46,187 GWh (1.04%)Petroleum: 19,259 GWh (0.44%)Geothermal: 15,669 GWh (0.35%)Other fossil gas: 10,697 GWh (0.24%)Other: 6,654 GWh (0.15%)4.43TRILLION kWh
  • Natural Gas40.75%
  • Nuclear17.70%
  • Coal16.62%
  • Wind10.47%
  • Solar6.67%
  • Hydroelectric5.57%
  • Biomass1.04%
  • Petroleum0.44%
  • Geothermal0.35%
  • Other fossil gas0.24%
  • Other0.15%
  • Total100.00%

Solar output across a 24-hour cycle

Solar is the only source with a fully deterministic profile: zero output overnight, a rise after sunrise, a peak near solar noon and a fall to zero at sunset. That shape is what drives the duck curve, because the fleet stops producing at the moment evening demand climbs.

0%14%28%42%56%70%00:00, 0.0% of nameplate0001:00, 0.0% of nameplate02:00, 0.0% of nameplate03:00, 0.0% of nameplate0304:00, 0.0% of nameplate05:00, 0.0% of nameplate06:00, 5.4% of nameplate0607:00, 18.7% of nameplate08:00, 32.2% of nameplate09:00, 44.3% of nameplate0910:00, 53.7% of nameplate11:00, 59.7% of nameplate12:00, 61.8% of nameplate1213:00, 59.7% of nameplate14:00, 53.7% of nameplate15:00, 44.3% of nameplate1516:00, 32.2% of nameplate17:00, 18.7% of nameplate18:00, 5.4% of nameplate1819:00, 0.0% of nameplate20:00, 0.0% of nameplate21:00, 0.0% of nameplate2122:00, 0.0% of nameplate23:00, 0.0% of nameplate24-h mean 20.4%Hour of day (local)

Method: this is a modeled profile, not metered data. The 24-hour mean of 20.4% is the implied annual capacity factor, calculated as 2025 generation from EIA Electric Power Monthly Table 1.1 divided by the nameplate capacity of the active fleet on this page multiplied by 8,760 hours. EIA’s own published capacity factors use net summer capacity as the denominator and therefore run higher. The hourly shape applies the documented operating behaviour of this technology to that mean and is indicative rather than measured; metered hourly output would come from the EIA Hourly Electric Grid Monitor, which is not yet wired into this page.

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Solar power, by the numbers

Photovoltaic

Photovoltaic (PV)

PV panels convert sunlight directly into electricity with no moving parts. Nearly all US utility-scale solar is PV, the fastest-growing source of new capacity in the country, ranging from modest arrays up to the 690 MW Gemini project in Nevada.

Solar thermal

Concentrating solar (CSP)

CSP uses mirrors to concentrate sunlight, producing heat that drives a turbine, sometimes with molten-salt storage to run after sunset. Only a handful operate, all in the desert Southwest: Ivanpah, Solana, Crescent Dunes, Mojave and Genesis.

Utility-scale only

Utility-scale only

Every entry here is a utility-scale solar farm (1 MW and larger) in EIA-860. Rooftop and residential solar are not included; those are behind-the-meter systems that EIA tracks separately, not power plants on this list.

Frequently asked questions about US solar farms

How this list is defined and where the data comes from.
What counts as a solar farm here?

Any utility-scale solar plant (1 MW or larger) in EIA-860 (2025 early release) whose energy source is the sun (code SUN), aggregated to the EIA plant. That yields 8,770 farms after reconciliation with EIA-860M (June 2026). Type is set by prime mover: photovoltaic (PV) panels, or a concentrating solar (CSP) heat engine.

Is rooftop or residential solar included?

No. This list is large-scale utility solar farms only. Rooftop panels on homes and businesses are behind-the-meter distributed generation; EIA estimates that small-scale solar separately, and it is not part of the EIA-860 power-plant data shown here.

What is the difference between PV and CSP?

Photovoltaic (PV) panels convert sunlight straight into electricity and make up nearly all US solar. Concentrating solar power (CSP) uses mirrors to focus sunlight into heat that drives a turbine, sometimes with thermal storage; only a handful exist, all in the desert Southwest (e.g., Ivanpah, Solana, Crescent Dunes).

Why are so many farms in development?

Solar is the fastest-growing source of new US generating capacity, so the project pipeline is huge; this dataset alone lists 1,038 farms in development, more than any other technology on the site.

How much capacity is here?

About 154 GW of active and standby utility-scale solar capacity, almost entirely photovoltaic. That figure has roughly doubled in just a few years and continues to climb quickly.

How current is this data?

It is the EIA-860 2025 early release (Schedules 2 and 3). EIA notes the early release is not fully edited and may withhold a few plants pending validation; a few proposed farms without published coordinates are omitted from the map.

US solar farms: profiles

Every utility-scale solar farm (≥1 MW) in the EIA-860 2025 early release, by type. Rooftop/residential solar is excluded. Location, type, operator, status and capacity are straight from EIA; coordinates are EIA plant coordinates.

What the solar map reveals: the fastest-growing source

No map is growing faster. Utility-scale solar already spans more than 8,500 farms and roughly 154 GW of active capacity, and its development pipeline, over a thousand farms, dwarfs every other technology on the site combined. The geography is widening in real time: once concentrated in California and the desert Southwest, solar now blankets Texas, the Carolinas, the Midwest and beyond, following cheap land and supportive policy rather than just the sunniest skies.

Almost all of it is photovoltaic; only a handful of concentrating solar-thermal plants survive, all in the desert Southwest. Solar’s limitation is built into the resource; it produces nothing after sunset. That is why its explosive growth is so tightly coupled to two partners: flexible natural gas that covers the evening peak today, and battery storage that increasingly will tomorrow. The story of the 2020s grid is largely the story of this map filling in. We explore it in depth in Solar Is Booming, Gas Still Dominates.